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Polymer Clay: History History of polymer clay begins in Germany, in the late 1930s, when an enterprising woman named Fifi Rehbinder developed and marketed a clay product, which she called Fifi Mosaik, to use for doll heads. In 1964 she sold the formula to Eberhard Faber who developed it into the Fimo we know today. At the same time, other manufacturers were making products similar to Fimo. Monica Resta from Italy used a form of the clay called LIMMO in Argentina in the late 1950s. It was also manufactured by a German company, but not Eberhard Faber. The manufacturer could have been Rudolf Reiser, who makes Formello and Modello, but there is no clear trail. In those early days the clay was used for dolls, modelling and miniatures for doll houses. As it gained a wider audience, it was sold in toy stores. Pier Voulkos, for one, purchased Fimo from a toy store in Germany in 1970. Tory Hughes, who lived in Europe as a child, also discovered Fimo there, and Kathleen Dustin was introduced to Fimo while she was attending college overseas. In the early 1970s, a family by the name of Shaup, which had immigrated to the United States from Germany in the 1950s, received a Christmas package from their grandmother. Inside was a package of Fimo. Mrs. Shaup, immediately fascinated by the clay, began making ornaments and figures, and soon people were asking her where she got the clay. Her husband, out of work at the time, decided to import Fimo, and in 1975, Accent Import began to import Fimo into the United States. Mr. Shaup demonstrated the uses of the clay to various retail stores, and sales began. As the popularity of the clay grew, other American companies, including Dee’s Delights in the 1970s and the American Art Clay Company (AMACO) in the 1980s, also began to import Fimo. At the same time artists and American companies were discovering Fimo, an American company was developing its own version of the clay. A product called polyform has been developed in the 1960s for industrial purposes, but when it's industrial use didn't pan out, the clay was shelved. One day, a visitor to the plant played with a lump of the polyform and created a small figure. The figure was cured in a lab oven, and Sculpey/Polyform was born. The white Polyform/Sculpey was actually sold on a small scale from 1967. By 1976, Mike Solos, the company founder, was marketing his product at craft shows and demonstrating its use to small retail shops. Colours weren't added to the clay until around 1984, and until then artists such as Sue Kelsey and her sister Cathy Johnson were colouring their clay with ground chalk and Tempera colours. The popularity of polymer clay soon became evident, and AMACO, which manufactured natural clays for years, created their own polymer clay, Friendly Clay, in 1993, which they sold both in single colour packets and pre-made canes. Accent Imports also began selling their own version of the pre-made cane: Kaleidocanes. Another person interested in polymer clay, Marie Segal, had switched from creating objects out of bread dough to creating objects out of Fimo. Soon Segal and her husband were not only selling Fimo, but promoting it and offering excellent technical support to those who had discovered its charms. Along the way, the Segals inadvertently became the developers and promoters of a brand new polymer clay product, Premo. In 1994, the Segals approached the Scupley/Polyform company with a question: why not have a high-quality American-made clay? Sculpey needed a little tweaking: more intense colours and a new formula. Sculpey/Polyform liked the idea, and the Segals began working on developing a better polymer clay. Polymer clay artists in the Southern California area were fortunate enough to be in on the development process, and many were given beta test products. From these tests, a new polymer clay, Premo, was born. Kato polyclay is the most recently developed general purpose polymer clay on the market. Donna Kato, working with Van Aken International, oversaw the development of this clay.

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